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Reform on the Agricultural Operational System
Rural reform in China started first to reform the agricultural operational system.
 After 1979, China abolished the people's commune system and replaced it with a double-layer operational system based on family contracting and combining both central planning and decentralized management.
Family contracting system is the great creation of the Chinese farmers in Xiaogang Village, a small village in Anhui Province in Southern China.
The decision on further strengthening agricultural and rural work was made at the Eighth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth CPC Central Committee and the double-layer operational system was adopted and further supplemented and completed afterwards.
 The government then began to emphasize the stabilization of rural basic operational system and in 1993 clearly stated that the land contract would be extended for another 30 years once the first round of 15 years expires.
The distribution pattern in such operational system is welcomed by the farmers because it enables them to keep the remaining produce to themselves after turning over a sufficient amount to the state and retaining an adequate share with the collective, thus greatly promoting rural productive forces. Farmers' initiatives for production were further aroused by extending land tenure.
Edited by CECAT
2002/10/24 |
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